Apparatus for continual charring and dry distillation of organic substances.



No. 748,457. PATBNTED DEC. 2: H. 0. AMINOFF.

APPARATUS FOR UONTINUAL GHARRING AND DRY DISTILLATIUA ORGANICSUBSTANCES;

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 21, 1903.

Si N Q UNITE STATES Patented December 29, 1903.

PATENT ()FFICE.

HINRIK OONSTANTIN AMINOFF, OE DOMNARFVET, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR TO ANDERSCONRAD MARK, OF GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN.

APPARATUS FOR CONTINUAL CHARRING AND DRY DlSTlLLATION OF ORGANIQSUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,457, dated December29, 1903. Application filed April 21, 1903. Serial Nol53.590. (N model.)

bad therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an apparatus for continual charring or,generally speaking, for dry distillation of organic substances; and

, the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus in which thecharring process is efiected in the same manner as in charcoal piles-z'.e., in vertical direction from the top to the bottom.

In the accompanying drawings,which serve to illustrate the invention,Figure 1 is a vertic-a1 sectional view of the distilling chamber orfurnace. Fig. 2 is atop view of the entire apparatus, partly in section.tion on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4 ofFig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the apparatus through thepassage for leading away the products of the condensed gases.

1 is the distilling-furnace consisting of an inclined extended chambermade of bricks or other suitable material. The outsides of the walls arepreferably covered with sand or other insulating'substance. 2 2 aretracks extending along the chamber and supporting trucks 3, which carrythe substance to be.

charred. The said chamber 1 is at both ends divided into twocompartments 4 4 and 5 5, respectively, separated from the chamberproper by means of gates 66 and 7 7, suspended in chains 8, passing overpulleys 9 and provided with counterweights 10. The outerends of the saidcompartments are closed by gates 11 11 and 12 12. In Fig. 4 one of thegates 6 is closed and the other opened. At the lower end of the chambermeans are provided for bringing the trucks into the chamber. In thedrawings the said means consist of chains 14, passing round pulleys 13,suitably journaled under the chamber. One end of the chain is fixed to arod 15, mounted in a channel 16 and passing through Fig. 3 is a sec-.

a tube 17. When a truck is to be brought into the chamber, the gate 11is opened and the truck pushed into the compartment 4. The said chain 14is then connected with the rear end of the truck and the gate 11 isclosed. When the gate 6 has been opened, the truck is advanced bypulling in the rod 16, which is connected with a winch or the like. (Notshown in the drawings.) Finally the gate 6 is closed. In this manner thetracks are suc cessively filled with trucks so that when a new truck isdrawn into the chamber at the lower end of the same the truck at the topend of the chamber will be pushed out simultaneously by the followingtrucks. The gates 7 and 12 are successively opened and closed in orderto permitthe top truck being brought out of the chamber.

The top end of the chamber 1 is connected with a regenerator 18 by meansof a channel 19. The said regenerator consists of two chambers and isarranged in usual manner. 20 is a furnace, and 21 is a chimney, which isconnected with the said chambers alternately. The lower end ofthechamber 1 is connected with condensers 23 by means of a channel 22.The said condensers may be of any suitable construction and aretherefore not described. 24 is a fan connected with the said condensersand the regenerator.

The heat necessary for the char-ring process is effected by the gasgenerated in the furnace 20, which is burned in one of the chambers ofthe regenerator 18 and then passes to the chimney 21. Gases generated inthe chamber 1 during the charring process are drawn by the fan 24 fromthe lower end of the said chamber through the channel 22 and into thecondensers 23. At the same time the non-condensable part of the saidgases, which consists of carbonic acid,carbonic oxid, and somehydrocarbons, is forced by the fan 24 through the other chamber of theregenerator 18, which chamber has previously been heated in the samemanner as. the chamber first mentioned. The gases last mentioned enterthe top end of the chamber lthrough the channel 19 and pass through theentire chamber, the greater part of their heat being successivelytransmitted during the said passage to the substance to be charred. Theyare then again, together with gases generated during the chat-ringprocess, sucked through the condensers and circulated in the said manneruntil the temperature of the gases when leaving the regenerator isinsufficient for the charring process. The gas-current is then ledthrough the other heated chamber of the regenerator, and the firstchamber of the same is heated by means of gas from the generator 20. Theexcess of combustible noncondensable gases generated during the charringprocess is led into the chamber of the regenerator which is being heatedand is burned in the same. The products resulting from the condensationof gases in the chamber 1 may be led away from said chamber to asuitable receptacle by the way of a passage 26. In consequence of thesaid circulation the substance situated in the top end of the chamber 1will be subjected to the comparatively highest temperature. In thismanner the substance is thoroughly charred in the top part of thechamber While being successively and preparatively heated in the lowerpart of the chamber, the charring process being thus continuous andexecuted in the same manner as in piles.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a charring and distilling apparatus the combination of anextended, inclined chamber, means for transporting the substance to becharred from the lower end of the chamber to its top end, means forintroducing heated gas into the said top end, and outlet-openings forthe gas at the lower end substantially as described.

2. In a charring and distilling apparatus the combination of anextended, inclined chamber, means for transporting the substance to becharred from the lower end of the chamber to its top end, means outsidethe chamber for conveying gases from the said lower end into the top endand means for heating the said gases before entering the chamber,substantially as described.

3. In a charring and distilling apparatus the combination of anextended, inclined chamber, means for successively transporting thesubstance to be charred from the lower end of the chamber to its topend, a passage leading gases generated in the chamber from its lower endto the top end, and condensers,a fan and a heatingdevice mounted in thesaid passage between the said lower end and the top end, substantiallyas described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HINRIK CONSTANTIN AMINOFF.

Witnesses:

ROBERT APALZREN, AUG SORCERSEN.

